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Ingredient dossier · No. 004

Propylparaben

Also: propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate · propyl parahydroxybenzoate · E216


Avoidmore estrogenic than methylparaben and restricted in EU cosmetics due to endocrine concerns.


01 · Hormonal impact

Testosterone & hormonal load

Evidence
ModerateAnimal studies with mechanistic evidence

Propylparaben shows stronger estrogenic activity than methylparaben in animal and cell studies. Rodent studies at higher doses demonstrate reduced sperm count and altered reproductive organ weights. The EU Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety restricted its concentration in cosmetics in 2014 specifically due to endocrine disruption potential.


02 · Where it appears

Found in.

01Shampoo
02Conditioner
03Body wash
04Sunscreen
05Shaving products
06Moisturizer

03 · The regulators

Two jurisdictions, two different verdicts.

European Union

Restricted to 0.14% for individual esters; use in cosmetics for children under 3 restricted. EU Regulation 1004/2014.

United States · FDA

Permitted in cosmetics with no concentration limit. Under review by FDA as part of paraben safety assessment.


04 · Sources

The receipts.

  1. [01]
    EU Regulation 1004/2014 — Paraben restrictions
    eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32014R1004
  2. [02]
  3. [03]
    EU SCCS Opinion SCCS/1446/11
    ec.europa.eu/health/scientific_committees/consumer_safety/docs/sccs_o_069.pdf

05 · Related dossiers
01MethylparabenC · 4502ButylparabenD · 22
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