PFAS (Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances)
Also: PFOA · PFOS · forever chemicals · fluorotelomers · PTFE · perfluorinated compounds · polyfluoroalkyl substances
Avoid — strongly linked in human cohorts to lower testosterone and sperm count; bioaccumulate and persist in the body for years.
Testosterone & hormonal load
Multiple human cohort studies, including the Faroese cohort and Danish INUENDO study, link serum PFAS levels to significantly lower testosterone, lower sperm count, and delayed puberty in boys. PFAS disrupt hormone synthesis by interfering with steroidogenic enzymes in Leydig cells. They bioaccumulate in human serum for years to decades (half-lives of 3–8 years), meaning past exposure compounds present effects. Drinking water contamination is now a widespread population-level exposure route.
Found in.
Two jurisdictions, two different verdicts.
PFOA and PFOS banned under EU POPs Regulation. Broad PFAS restriction proposal under REACH covering ~10,000 substances in progress as of 2023.
PFOA and PFOS no longer manufactured in the US. EPA Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) for PFAS in drinking water finalized in 2024 at 4 parts per trillion for PFOA and PFOS.
The receipts.
- [01]Joensen et al. 2009 — Do perfluoroalkyl compounds impair human semen quality? (PubMed)pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19590684/
- [02]Ernst et al. 2019 — Prenatal PFAS exposure and pubertal development in boys and girls (PubMed)pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30628845/
- [03]EPA PFAS Strategic Roadmap 2021www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2021-10/pfas-roadmap_final-508.pdf
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